. . . a quick guide to proofreading and proofediting

Proofreading is . . . the final quality check of a text before it is submitted for publication. It includes the following:

  • Correcting errors in spelling, grammar, punctuation and syntax
  • Ensuring style consistency. For example, in the use of hyphens, capitalisation and italics. Also the consistent usage of British or American spellings.
  • Ensuring formatting is consistent. This includes the layout of headings, paragraph indention, line spacing and typography
  • Checking contents pages against chapter titles, page numbers, page headings etc.
  • Checking cross references against footnotes or endnotes, if applicable
  • Ensuring illustrations and tables are positioned correctly and that captions correspond with the text

Proof-editing . . . involves all the elements of proofreading plus the following:

  • Dealing with repetition and wordiness to ensure clarity
  • Flagging missing elements in referencing
  • Highlighting inconsistencies or ambiguities and suggesting alternatives
  • Cross referencing in-text citations with references
  • Checking references for correct style (e.g. Harvard, Vancouver) and alphabetical order
  • Correcting poor word breaks
  • Providing a style sheet if required

My services . . . do not include:

  • Rewriting your text or commenting on the content, structure or flow
  • Altering or developing your argument or ideas
  • Formatting your text from scratch
  • Increasing or reducing the word count
  • Fact-checking
  • Addressing copyright or other potential legal issues                                 

CIEP: the Chartered Institute of Editing and Proofreading